Country basics
Sudan is a republic in northeastern Africa on the Red Sea, crossed by the Nile river valley.
Sudan is a country with Khartoum as its capital and Arabic and English as official languages, and South Sudan separated from it in 2011. The pound is the currency, and gold, livestock, sesame and gum arabic lead its export earnings.
Official name
Republic of the SudanRegion
Africa · Northern AfricaGovernment
Federal republic under a military juntaTime zonesCheck the offset for your own city
UTC+03:00Driving side
RightPhone code
+249Currency
Sudanese pound (SDG, ج.س)Member of
Arab League; UN; African UnionWebsite
https://www.sudan.gov.sdFaith and language
Religions
Sunni Muslim, small Christian minorityLanguages
Arabic; EnglishPeople and cities
Population
53.3 million (current)Median ageHalf the population is younger than this
19.5 years (2025)Living in cities
36.3% (2023)Largest cities
Khartoum (capital) 6.344 million · Nyala 1.057 millionMoney and cost of living
Exchange rateYearly average; check today’s rate before you budget
547 Sudanese pounds (SDG) per US dollar (2022)Income per personGDP per person, adjusted for local prices (2021 dollars)
$1,900 (2024)InflationHow much prices rose over the year
138.8% (2022)Unemployment
11.45% (2023)Health and daily life
Life expectancy
67.8 years (2024)Doctors
0.25 per 1,000 people (2017)Hospital beds
0.7 per 1,000 people (2020)Safe drinking water
64.9% of people (2022)Electricity
63.2% of people (2022)Internet users
26% of people (2020)Land and climate
Climate
Hot and dry; arid desert; rainy season varies by region (April to November)SizeSlightly less than one-fifth the size of the US
1,886,068 sq kmNatural hazards
Dust storms and periodic persistent droughtsNational holiday
Independence Day, 1 January (1956)